---
title: "Prunus 李属：樱、梅、桃的分类、417 个接受种与毒性｜芳华绘专业资料"
url: https://floreboard.com/zh/plants/prunus/
language: zh-CN
last_reviewed: 2026-10-24
publisher: 芳华绘（Floreboard）
---

Flora Japonica · Tab. 11 · 1835–1870 · S. Minsinger, W. Siegrist · 公有领域

# Prunus L.

李属 · Rosaceae

- **接受名:** Prunus L.
- **首次发表:** Sp. Pl.: 473 (1753)
- **科:** Rosaceae
- **接受种数:** 417（其中天然杂交种 58）
- **原生分布:** 238 个 TDWG 区划，几乎遍布全球，以北温带为主
- **俗名:** 李属
- **数据库:** [POWO](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2) · [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/n/30003057-2) · [WCVP](https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/2232/taxon/2958711) · [Catalogue of Life](https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6Y6H) · [GBIF](https://www.gbif.org/species/3020559)

## 概述

李属 Prunus 属蔷薇科。花店的春季切枝里，樱花、梅花、桃花在 WCVP 中都属于这一个属：樱属 Cerasus、杏属 Armeniaca、桃属 Amygdalus、稠李属 Padus、桂樱属 Lauro-cerasus 等过去单列的属，现在都是它的异名（见下表）。Trees of New Guinea 说本属是果实、坚果、木材和观赏植物的重要来源。

WCVP 的记录里，梅 P. mume 原生于中国中南部、老挝和越南；桃 P. persica 原生于中国华北中部；山樱花 P. serrulata 原生于中国中南部与东南部、朝鲜半岛和中国东北。

## 分类与形态

林奈 1753 年在《植物种志》中发表本属。Trees of New Guinea 的属描述：灌木到高达 25 米的乔木；单叶，有柄，螺旋状排列，全缘或有锯齿；萼片 5、花瓣 5，白色或粉色，雄蕊多数（15–80 枚）、两轮；果实为核果，中果皮肉质到干燥，内果皮坚硬；砍开树干和枝条可能闻到杏仁味。旧的地方植物志写全属约 200 种，WCVP 现在接受的种数见下表。

| 属名 | 发表出处 |
| --- | --- |
| × Amygdalopersica Delpino ex L.L.Daniel | Rev. Gén. Bot. 27: 33 (1915) |
| × Armenoprunus Janch. | Cat. Fl. Austr., I. Pteridophyt. & Anthophyt. 2: 351 (1958) |
| × Cerapadus Buia | T.Săvulescu, Fl. Republ. Popul. Român. 4: 880 (1956) |
| × Cerasolouiseania E.N.Lomakin & Juschev | Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 81: 23 (1978) |
| × Ceropadus Buia | T.Săvulescu, Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 4: 880 (1956) |
| × Prunoamygdalus Kovalev | Alycha Prirodye Kulturye Selekts.: 55 (1955) |
| Aflatunia Vassilcz. | Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 17: 261 (1955) |
| Amygdalophora Neck. | Elem. Bot. 2: 70 (1790) |
| Amygdalopsis Carrière | Rev. Hort. (Paris) 11: 91 (1862) |
| Amygdalopsis M.Roem. | Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 15 (1847) |
| Amygdalus L. | Sp. Pl.: 472 (1753) |
| Armeniaca Scop. | Meth. Pl.: 15 (1754) |
| Ceraseidos Siebold & Zucc. | Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 3(3): 743 (1843) |
| Cerasophora Neck. | Elem. Bot. 2: 71 (1790) |
| Cerasus Mill. | Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4.: 1 (1754) |
| Chamaeamygdalus (Spach) Fedor. | Botanica (Lithuania) 30(1): 45 (2024) |
| Chimanthus Raf. | Fl. Ludov.: 26 (1817) |
| Digaster Miq. | Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv.: 329 (1861) |
| Dodecadia Lour. | Fl. Cochinch.: 304 (1790) |
| Druparia Clairv. | Man. Herbor. Suisse: 159 (1811) |
| Emplectocladus Torr. | Proc. Amer. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 4: 192 (1851) |
| Germaria C.Presl | Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 221 (1851) |
| Hagidryas Griseb. | Reise Rumel. 1: 311 (1841) |
| Jadelotia Buc'hoz | Herb. Color. Amérique: t. 42 (1783) |
| Lauro-cerasus Duhamel | Traité Arbr. Arbust. 1: 345 (1755) |
| Louiseania Carrière | Rev. Hort. (Paris) 44: 34 (1872) |
| Maddenia Hook.f. & Thomson | Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 381 (1854) |
| Mahaleb Takht. | Fl. Armen. 3: 324 (1958) |
| Microcerasus Webb & Berthel. | Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2; 2): 19 (1842) |
| Orospodias Raf. | Atlantic J. 1: 182 (1833) |
| Padellus Vassilcz. | Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 185 (1973) |
| Padus Mill. | Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. 3: (1754) |
| Polydontia Blume | Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 1104 (1826) |
| Polystorthia Blume | Fl. Javae, Praef.: viii (1828) |
| Prunoaflatunia Tkatsch. | Derev. Kustarnik. Dik. Fl. Kirg.: 305 (1972) |
| Prunophora Neck. | Elem. Bot. 2: 71 (1790) |
| Prunopsis André | Rev. Hort. (Paris) 55: 369 (1883) |
| Prunus-lauro-cerasus Marshall | Arbust. Amer.: 114 (1785) |
| Pygeum Gaertn. | Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 218 (1788) |
| Trichocarpus Neck. | Elem. Bot. 2: 70 (1790) |
| Tubopadus Pomel | Mat. Fl. Atl.: 8 (1860) |
| Turetta Vell. | Fl. Flumin.: 233 (1829) |

## 分布

WCVP 记录本属原生于 238 个 TDWG 植物地理区划，另有 16 个区划为引入或归化。

原生区划（238）

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### 引入或归化

阿拉斯加阿根廷南部Cape Verde福克兰群岛马里亚纳群岛毛里求斯新南威尔士新西兰北岛新西兰南岛昆士兰留尼汪Rodrigues南澳大利亚St.Helena塔斯马尼亚维多利亚

## 接受种名录

WCVP 接受 417 个种，名称中带 × 的是天然杂交种。数目随分类修订变化，核对日期 2026-10-24。

展开全部 417 个接受种

| 学名 | 本站资料 |
| --- | --- |
| Prunus accumulans (Koehne) C.L.Li & Aymard |   |
| Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus aitchisonii (Korsh.) Kitam. |   |
| Prunus alaica (Pojark.) Gilli |   |
| Prunus albicaulis Koehne ex Bornm. |   |
| Prunus alidagensis Erol, Ciftci & Yaprak |   |
| Prunus americana Marshall |   |
| Prunus amplifolia Pilg. |   |
| Prunus amygdalus Batsch |   |
| Prunus × andarobi Seraf. |   |
| Prunus andersonii A.Gray |   |
| Prunus angustifolia Marshall |   |
| Prunus annularis Koehne |   |
| Prunus antioquensis Pérez-Zab. |   |
| Prunus apetala (Siebold & Zucc.) Franch. & Sav. |   |
| Prunus aquifolioides (Chun ex T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu) W.C.Chen ex Huan C.Wang |   |
| Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle |   |
| Prunus arborea (Blume) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus argentea (Lam.) Rehder |   |
| Prunus armeniaca L. |   |
| Prunus × arnoldiana Rehder |   |
| Prunus austrosinensis Huan C.Wang |   |
| Prunus avium (L.) L. |   |
| Prunus axitliana Standl. |   |
| Prunus balansae (Boiss.) Fritsch |   |
| Prunus barbata Koehne |   |
| Prunus beccarii (Ridl.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus bifrons Fritsch |   |
| Prunus × blireana André |   |
| Prunus bokhariensis Royle ex C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus brachybotrya Zucc. |   |
| Prunus brachypetala (Boiss.) Walp. |   |
| Prunus brachypoda Batalin |   |
| Prunus brachystachya Kalkman |   |
| Prunus bracteopadus Koehne |   |
| Prunus brahuica (Boiss.) Aitch. & Hemsl. |   |
| Prunus brasiliensis (Cham. & Schltdl.) D.Dietr. |   |
| Prunus brassii Kalkman |   |
| Prunus brigantina Vill. |   |
| Prunus brittoniana Rusby |   |
| Prunus browiczii (Freitag) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus brunnescens (T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku) J.R.He |   |
| Prunus bucharica (Korsh.) Hand.-Mazz. |   |
| Prunus buergeriana Miq. |   |
| Prunus buxifolia Koehne |   |
| Prunus campanulata Maxim. |   |
| Prunus canescens Bois |   |
| Prunus carduchorum (Bornm.) Meikle |   |
| Prunus caroliniana (Mill.) Aiton |   |
| Prunus cathayana (D.L.Fu, B.R.Li & J.Hong Li) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus caudata Franch. |   |
| Prunus ceraseidos Maxim. |   |
| Prunus cerasia Blanche ex Post |   |
| Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. |   |
| Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don |   |
| Prunus cerasus L. | 1 张图版 |
| Prunus cercocarpifolia Villarreal |   |
| Prunus ceylanica (Wight) Miq. |   |
| Prunus chamissoana Koehne |   |
| Prunus chiapensis Standl. & L.O.Williams ex Ant.Molina |   |
| Prunus × chichibuensis H.Kubota & Moriya |   |
| Prunus chiliangensis S.S.Ying |   |
| Prunus × chodshaatensis (Pjataeva & Lincz.) Sennikov |   |
| Prunus choreiana Nakai ex T.H.Chung |   |
| Prunus chorossanica (Pojark.) Rech.f. |   |
| Prunus × cistena N.E.Hansen ex Koehne |   |
| Prunus clarofolia C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus clementis (Merr.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus cocomilia Ten. |   |
| Prunus compacta L.O.Williams |   |
| Prunus × compta (Koidz.) Tatew. |   |
| Prunus conadenia Koehne |   |
| Prunus conradinae Koehne |   |
| Prunus cornuta (Wall. ex Royle) Steud. |   |
| Prunus cortapico Kerber ex Koehne |   |
| Prunus costata (Hemsl.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus crassifolia (Hauman) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus crataegifolia Hand.-Mazz. |   |
| Prunus cyclamina Koehne |   |
| Prunus darvasica Temb. |   |
| Prunus × dasycarpa Ehrh. |   |
| Prunus davidiana (Carrière) Franch. |   |
| Prunus × dawyckensis Sealy |   |
| Prunus debilis Koehne |   |
| Prunus detrita J.F.Macbr. |   |
| Prunus dictyoneura Diels |   |
| Prunus dinabandhuana Mekrini & Biseshwori |   |
| Prunus discadenia Koehne |   |
| Prunus discoidea (T.T.Yu & C.L.Li) Z.Wei & Y.B.Chang |   |
| Prunus discolor (Spach) C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus dolichadenia Cardot |   |
| Prunus dolichobotrys (Lauterb. & K.Schum.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus dolichophylla (T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus domestica L. |   |
| Prunus douglasii Basualdo & Zardini |   |
| Prunus eburnea (Spach) Aitch. |   |
| Prunus elaeagrifolia (Spach) Fritsch |   |
| Prunus emarginata (Douglas ex Hook.) Eaton |   |
| Prunus × eminens Beck |   |
| Prunus eremophila Prigge |   |
| Prunus erioclada (Bornm.) ined. |   |
| Prunus erythrocarpa (Nevski) Gilli |   |
| Prunus erythroxylon Koehne |   |
| Prunus espinozana C.L.Li |   |
| Prunus falcata Cuatrec. |   |
| Prunus fasciculata (Torr.) A.Gray |   |
| Prunus fengyangshanica (L.X.Ye & X.F.Jin) Meng Li & Idrees |   |
| Prunus fenzliana Fritsch |   |
| Prunus × ferganica O.A.Lincz. |   |
| Prunus ferruginea (DC. ex Ser.) Steud. |   |
| Prunus × fontanesiana (Spach) C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus fordiana Dunn |   |
| Prunus fragrans (Elmer) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus fremontii S.Watson |   |
| Prunus × fruticans Weihe |   |
| Prunus fruticosa Pall. |   |
| Prunus fujianensis (Y.T.Chang) J.Wen |   |
| Prunus × furuseana Ohwi |   |
| Prunus gazelle-peninsulae (Kaneh. & Hatus.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus geniculata R.M.Harper |   |
| Prunus gentryi Standl. |   |
| Prunus georgica (Desf.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus ghahremanii (Maroofi, Attar & Vafadar) Falat. |   |
| Prunus × gigantea (Späth) Koehne |   |
| Prunus glabrifolia Kalkman |   |
| Prunus glandulosa Thunb. |   |
| Prunus glauca (Browicz) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus × gondouinii (Poit. & Turpin) Rehder |   |
| Prunus gongshanensis J.Wen |   |
| Prunus gracilis Engelm. & A.Gray |   |
| Prunus grayana Maxim. |   |
| Prunus griffithii (Boiss.) C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus grisea (Blume ex Müll.Berol.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus guanaiensis Rusby |   |
| Prunus guanwuensis S.S.Ying |   |
| Prunus guatemalensis I.M.Johnst. |   |
| Prunus gyirongensis Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus hainanensis (G.A.Fu & Y.S.Lin) W.C.Chen |   |
| Prunus harae H.Ohba & S.Akiyama |   |
| Prunus hargraonensis (Vassilcz.) Ghora & Panigrahi |   |
| Prunus haussknechtii C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus havardii (W.Wight) S.C.Mason |   |
| Prunus hefengensis (X.R.Wang & C.B.Shang) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus henryi (C.K.Schneid.) Koehne |   |
| Prunus herthae Diels |   |
| Prunus himalaica Kitam. |   |
| Prunus himalayana J.Wen |   |
| Prunus hippophaeoides (Bornm.) Bornm. |   |
| Prunus hirtipes Hemsl. |   |
| Prunus × hisauchiana Koidz. ex Hisauti |   |
| Prunus hongiaoensis Tagane & Yahara |   |
| Prunus hongpingensis (C.L.Li) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus hortulana L.H.Bailey |   |
| Prunus huadongensis J.P.Li, Z.H.Chen & X.F.Jin |   |
| Prunus huantensis Pilg. |   |
| Prunus humilis Bunge |   |
| Prunus × hybrida (Schmidt) Banfi, Galasso & Bartolucci |   |
| Prunus hypoleuca (Koehne) J.Wen |   |
| Prunus hypotricha Rehder |   |
| Prunus hypotrichodes Cardot |   |
| Prunus hypoxantha (Koehne) J.Wen |   |
| Prunus ilicifolia (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) D.Dietr. |   |
| Prunus incana (Pall.) Batsch |   |
| Prunus incisa Thunb. |   |
| Prunus incisoserrata (T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku) J.Wen |   |
| Prunus insititia L. |   |
| Prunus × insueta (S.Serafimov) S.Serafimov |   |
| Prunus integrifolia (C.Presl) Walp. |   |
| Prunus × iranshahrii (Khat.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus itosakura Siebold |   |
| Prunus jacquemontii Hook.f. |   |
| Prunus jajarkotensis H.Hara |   |
| Prunus jamasakura (Makino) Siebold ex Koidz. |   |
| Prunus japonica Thunb. | 1 张图版 |
| Prunus javanica (Teijsm. & Binn.) Miq. |   |
| Prunus × javorkae Kárpáti |   |
| Prunus jenkinsii Hook.f. & Thomson |   |
| Prunus × juddii E.S.Anderson |   |
| Prunus jugata (Browicz) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus kaengkrachanensis Nagam., Tagane & Suddee |   |
| Prunus kalkmanii Idrees & J.M.H.Shaw |   |
| Prunus × kalmykovii (O.A.Lincz.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus × kamiaranensis (Khat. & Assadi) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus kansuensis Rehder |   |
| Prunus × katonis (H.Ohba) Meng Li & Idrees |   |
| Prunus × keredjensis (Browicz) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus kinabaluensis Kalkman |   |
| Prunus koelzii (Browicz) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus korshinskyi Hand.-Mazz. |   |
| Prunus kotschyi (Boiss. & Hohen. ex Spach) Meikle |   |
| Prunus × kubotana Kawas. |   |
| Prunus kumanoensis (T.Katsuki) Meng Li & Idrees |   |
| Prunus kuramica (Korsh.) Kitam. |   |
| Prunus kurdistanica (Attar, Maroofi & Vafadar) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus lamponga (Miq.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus lancilimba (Merr.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus × lannesiana (Carrière) E.H.Wilson |   |
| Prunus laoshanensis (D.K.Zang) Meng Li & Idrees |   |
| Prunus laurocerasus L. |   |
| Prunus laxinervis Kalkman |   |
| Prunus ledebouriana (Schltdl.) Y.Y.Yao |   |
| Prunus leiocarpa (Boiss.) Fritsch |   |
| Prunus leucophylla Blatt. |   |
| Prunus leveilleana Koehne |   |
| Prunus lichoana Aymard |   |
| Prunus ligustrina Koehne |   |
| Prunus limeixing (J.Y.Zhang & Z.M.Wang) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus littlei Pérez-Zab. |   |
| Prunus longispinosa Shahbaz & Abdulr. |   |
| Prunus lundelliana Standl. |   |
| Prunus lusitanica L. |   |
| Prunus luxurians Pérez-Zab., Á.J.Pérez, Romol. & N.Albán |   |
| Prunus lycioides (Spach) C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus maackii Rupr. |   |
| Prunus macrocarpa (T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu) H.F.Wang, X.Y.Dong & K.P.Ma |   |
| Prunus mahaleb L. |   |
| Prunus malayana Kalkman |   |
| Prunus mandshurica (Maxim.) Koehne |   |
| Prunus maritima Marshall |   |
| Prunus marsupialis Kalkman |   |
| Prunus matudae Lundell |   |
| Prunus maximowiczii Rupr. |   |
| Prunus mazandaranica Habibi, H.Maleki & Attar |   |
| Prunus megacarpa Pérez-Zab. |   |
| Prunus menghaiensis (T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu) Huan C.Wang |   |
| Prunus mexicana S.Watson |   |
| Prunus microcarpa C.A.Mey. |   |
| Prunus microphylla (Kunth) Hemsl. |   |
| Prunus minutiflora Engelm. ex A.Gray |   |
| Prunus mira Koehne |   |
| Prunus × mitsuminensis Moriya |   |
| Prunus × miyasakana H.Kubota |   |
| Prunus × miyoshii Ohwi |   |
| Prunus × mohacsyana Kárpáti |   |
| Prunus mongolica Maxim. |   |
| Prunus moritziana Koehne |   |
| Prunus × mozaffarianii (Khat.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus mugus Hand.-Mazz. |   |
| Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc. | 1 张图版 |
| Prunus munsoniana W.Wight & Hedrick |   |
| Prunus muris Cuatrec. |   |
| Prunus murrayana E.J.Palmer |   |
| Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb. |   |
| Prunus nairica (Fed. & Takht.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus nakatakei (H.Ohba & Mas.Saito) Meng Li & Idrees |   |
| Prunus napaulensis (Ser.) Steud. |   |
| Prunus nigra Aiton |   |
| Prunus nipponica Matsum. |   |
| Prunus × nudiflora (Koehne) Koidz. |   |
| Prunus nutantiflora D.G.Zhang & Z.H.Xiang |   |
| Prunus oblonga J.F.Macbr. |   |
| Prunus obtusata Koehne |   |
| Prunus occidentalis Sw. |   |
| Prunus ocellata Koehne |   |
| Prunus ochoterenae D.Ramírez |   |
| Prunus oleifolia Koehne |   |
| Prunus oligantha Kalkman |   |
| Prunus omissa Koehne |   |
| Prunus × oneyamensis Hayashi |   |
| Prunus oocarpa (Stapf) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus opaca (Benth.) Walp. |   |
| Prunus orazii (Attar, Maroofi & Vafadar) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus × orthosepala Koehne |   |
| Prunus ovalis Ruiz ex Koehne |   |
| Prunus pabotii (Browicz) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus padus L. |   |
| Prunus × palmeri Sarg. |   |
| Prunus pananensis Z.L.Chen, W.J.Chen & X.F.Jin |   |
| Prunus paradoxa (Dehshiri & Mozaff.) Falat. |   |
| Prunus × parvifolia (Matsum.) Koehne |   |
| Prunus patentipila Hand.-Mazz. |   |
| Prunus pearcei Rusby |   |
| Prunus pedunculata (Pall.) Maxim. |   |
| Prunus pensylvanica L.f. |   |
| Prunus persica (L.) Batsch |   |
| Prunus perulata Koehne |   |
| Prunus petunnikowii (Litv.) Rehder |   |
| Prunus phaeosticta (Hance) Maxim. |   |
| Prunus pleiantha Pilg. |   |
| Prunus pleiocerasus Koehne |   |
| Prunus podperae Nábělek |   |
| Prunus pogonostyla Maxim. |   |
| Prunus polystachya (Hook.f.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus polytricha Koehne |   |
| Prunus prostrata Labill. |   |
| Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl. |   |
| Prunus pseudoprostrata (Pojark.) Rech.f. |   |
| Prunus × pugetensis Jacobson & Zika |   |
| Prunus pulgarensis (Elmer) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus pullei (Koehne) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus pumila L. |   |
| Prunus pusilliflora Cardot |   |
| Prunus pygeoides Koehne |   |
| Prunus quanzhouensis Jian L.Li, S.H.Liang & R.H.Jiang |   |
| Prunus ramburii Boiss. |   |
| Prunus ramonensis (Danin) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus ravenii Zardini & Basualdo |   |
| Prunus rechingeri (Browicz) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus reflexa (Gardner) Walp. |   |
| Prunus rhamnoides Koehne |   |
| Prunus × rhodia (Browicz) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus rigida Koehne |   |
| Prunus rivularis Scheele |   |
| Prunus rotunda J.F.Macbr. |   |
| Prunus rubiginosa (Elmer) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus rufa Wall. ex Hook.f. |   |
| Prunus rufoides C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus ruiziana Koehne |   |
| Prunus runemarkii Eisenman |   |
| Prunus × sacra Miyoshi |   |
| Prunus salasii Standl. |   |
| Prunus salicina Lindl. |   |
| Prunus samydoides Schltdl. |   |
| Prunus sargentii Rehder |   |
| Prunus × saviczii (Pachom.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus schlechteri (Koehne) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus schneideriana Koehne |   |
| Prunus sclerophylla Kalkman |   |
| Prunus scoparia (Spach) C.K.Schneid. |   |
| Prunus × sefinensis (Bornm.) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus serotina Ehrh. |   |
| Prunus serrula Franch. |   |
| Prunus serrulata Lindl. |   |
| Prunus setulosa Batalin |   |
| Prunus × shikamae (H.Ohba) Meng Li & Idrees |   |
| Prunus shikokuensis (Moriya) H.Kubota |   |
| Prunus sibirica L. |   |
| Prunus × sieboldii (Carrière) Wittm. |   |
| Prunus × simmleri Palez. |   |
| Prunus simonii (Decne.) Bonard |   |
| Prunus singalilaensis H.Ohba & S.Akiyama |   |
| Prunus × slavinii E.J.Palmer ex Rehder |   |
| Prunus speciosa (Koidz.) Nakai |   |
| Prunus spicata Kalkman |   |
| Prunus spinosa L. |   |
| Prunus spinosissima (Bunge) Franch. |   |
| Prunus spinulosa Siebold & Zucc. |   |
| Prunus ssiori F.Schmidt |   |
| Prunus × stacei Wójcicki |   |
| Prunus stellipila Koehne |   |
| Prunus stipulacea Maxim. |   |
| Prunus stipulata J.F.Macbr. |   |
| Prunus strobilifera Cuatrec. |   |
| Prunus subcordata Benth. |   |
| Prunus subcoriacea (Chodat & Hassl.) Koehne |   |
| Prunus subcorymbosa Ruiz ex Koehne |   |
| Prunus subglabra (Merr.) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus × subhirtella Miq. |   |
| Prunus sunhangii D.G.Zhang & T.Deng |   |
| Prunus susakensis (Vassilcz.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus susquehanae Willd. |   |
| Prunus × syodoi Nakai |   |
| Prunus × syriaca Borkh. |   |
| Prunus szechuanica Batalin |   |
| Prunus tadzhikistanica Zaprjagaeva |   |
| Prunus × takenakae Ohwi |   |
| Prunus takesimensis Nakai |   |
| Prunus tangutica (Batalin) Koehne |   |
| Prunus taplejungnica H.Ohba & S.Akiyama |   |
| Prunus tartarea Lundell |   |
| Prunus tatsienensis Batalin |   |
| Prunus tayulinensis S.S.Ying |   |
| Prunus tenella Batsch |   |
| Prunus tetradenia Koehne |   |
| Prunus texana D.Dietr. |   |
| Prunus tomentosa Thunb. |   |
| Prunus tongmuensis X.G.Yi & X.R.Wang |   |
| Prunus topengii (Merr.) J.Wen & L.Zhao |   |
| Prunus topkegolensis H.Ohba & S.Akiyama |   |
| Prunus transarisanensis Hayata |   |
| Prunus trichamygdalus Hand.-Mazz. |   |
| Prunus trichantha Koehne |   |
| Prunus trichostoma Koehne |   |
| Prunus triloba Lindl. |   |
| Prunus × tschonoskii Koehne |   |
| Prunus tuberculata Koehne |   |
| Prunus tucumanensis Lillo |   |
| Prunus turcomanica (Lincz.) Kitam. |   |
| Prunus turfosa Kalkman |   |
| Prunus turneriana (F.M.Bailey) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus ulei Koehne |   |
| Prunus ulmifolia Franch. |   |
| Prunus umbellata Elliott |   |
| Prunus undulata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don |   |
| Prunus urartu (Tamamsch.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus urotaenia Koehne |   |
| Prunus urumiensis (Bornm.) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus × uzbekistanica (Sabirov) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus vachuschtii Bregadze |   |
| Prunus × vavilovii (Popov) A.E.Murray |   |
| Prunus veitchii Koehne |   |
| Prunus velutina Batalin |   |
| Prunus verrucosa Franch. |   |
| Prunus versteeghii Kalkman |   |
| Prunus virginiana L. |   |
| Prunus walkeri (Wight) Kalkman |   |
| Prunus wallaceana Kalkman |   |
| Prunus wangii Q.L.Gan, Z.Yu Li & S.Z.Xu |   |
| Prunus webbii (Spach) Fritsch |   |
| Prunus wendelboi (Freitag) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus wilsonii (C.K.Schneid.) Koehne |   |
| Prunus wurdackii C.L.Li |   |
| Prunus xianjuxing (J.Y.Zhang & X.Z.Wu) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus xingshanensis Huan C.Wang |   |
| Prunus yaoiana (W.L.Cheng) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus × yasujensis (Khat.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus yazdiana (Mozaff.) Falat. |   |
| Prunus × yedoensis Matsum. |   |
| Prunus yunkaishanensis B.H.Wu, W.Y.Zhao & W.B.Liao |   |
| Prunus yunnanensis Franch. |   |
| Prunus × yuyamae Sugim. |   |
| Prunus zabulica (Seraf.) Eisenman |   |
| Prunus zhengheensis (J.Y.Zhang & M.N.Lu) Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia |   |
| Prunus zhuxiensis Q.L.Gan, W.B.Xu & Xin W.Li |   |
| Prunus zielinskii (Browicz) Kosiński, D.Tomasz. & Ziel. |   |
| Prunus zinggii Standl. |   |
| Prunus zippeliana Miq. |   |

## 历史图谱

图版按年代排列；图上印的名字保留原样，现行名称见各种的资料页或专题页。

- [](https://floreboard.com/plants/plates/bot-register-27.jpg)Prunus japonicaEdwards's Botanical Register · 27 · 1815, Sydenham Edwards, Smith
- [](https://floreboard.com/plants/plates/flora-japonica-11.jpg)Prunus MumeFlora Japonica · Tab. 11 · 1835–1870, S. Minsinger, W. Siegrist
- [](https://floreboard.com/plants/plates/kohler-36.jpg)Prunus CerasusKöhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen · 36 · 1887,

## 观赏樱与安全

RHS 介绍，观赏樱的花簇生于枝上，有单瓣、半重瓣和重瓣，有时微香；花色从白到深粉，在长叶之前或刚长叶时开放。宜种在湿润而排水良好、肥力中等的土壤；不要种在排水差或积水的地方。重剪，尤其是冬季重剪，会增加病害风险。

ASPCA 把 Prunus 属列为对狗、猫和马有毒：茎、叶和种子含氰苷，枝叶萎蔫时毒性尤强；中毒症状包括黏膜呈砖红色、瞳孔放大、呼吸困难、喘息和休克。

## 延伸阅读

- [花材图鉴](https://floreboard.com/zh/flowers/cherry/)
- [花材图鉴](https://floreboard.com/zh/flowers/plum/)
- [花材图鉴](https://floreboard.com/zh/flowers/peach/)
- [专业资料总览](https://floreboard.com/zh/library/)

## 参考资料

- [WCVP · 世界维管植物名录（经 ChecklistBank 数据集 2232 读取）](https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/2232) · 读取于 2026-10-24
- [Kew（POWO 同源数据，ColPlanta 站点）· Prunus 概述，含 Trees of New Guinea 与 Flora Zambesiaca 的属描述](https://colplanta.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2/general-information)
- [RHS · Large prunus (ornamental cherry)](https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/prunus/large-prunus-ornamental-cherry)
- [ASPCA 动物中毒控制中心 · Cherry（Prunus spp.）](https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cherry)

名称、发表出处、异名与分布按 WCVP 核对（2026-10-24）；说明文字依据所列出处，尚待专家复核。