---
title: "Hydrangea 绣球属：分类、103 个接受种、分布与历史图谱｜芳华绘专业资料"
url: https://floreboard.com/zh/plants/hydrangea/
language: zh-CN
last_reviewed: 2026-10-10
publisher: Floreboard (芳华绘)
---

Flora Japonica · Tab. 51 · 1835–1870 · Popp, Jos. Unger · 公有领域

# Hydrangea Gronov. ex L.

绣球属 · Hydrangeaceae

- **接受名:** Hydrangea Gronov. ex L.
- **首次发表:** Sp. Pl.: 397 (1753)
- **科:** Hydrangeaceae
- **接受种数:** 103（其中天然杂交种 5）
- **原生分布:** 76 个 TDWG 区划，东亚、东南亚与美洲
- **俗名:** 绣球属
- **数据库:** [POWO](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010546-2) · [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/n/30010546-2) · [WCVP](https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/2232/taxon/2855579) · [Catalogue of Life](https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/L27TC) · [GBIF](https://www.gbif.org/species/2985983)

## 概述

绣球属是绣球科的模式属。花店最常用的是大叶绣球 Hydrangea macrophylla；它的花序同时有醒目的不育花和细小的可育花，不育花主要由约 4 枚花瓣状的萼片组成。旧图谱上的 Hydrangea japonica，在 WCVP 中属于另一个种山绣球 Hydrangea serrata。

## 分类与命名

WCVP 采用较宽的属界：下表中的常山属 Dichroa、钻地风属 Schizophragma、冠盖藤属 Pileostegia、赤壁木属 Decumaria 等都被并入绣球属，因此接受种数比旧资料多。早年有植物学家据绣球型植株建立 Hortensia 属，“Hortensia”由此成为绣球型品种的俗称；WCVP 同样把它列为异名。

| 属名 | 发表出处 |
| --- | --- |
| × Didrangea J.M.H.Shaw | Hanburyana 5: 47 (2011) |
| Adamia Wall. | Tent. Fl. Napal.: 46 (1826) |
| Broussaisia Gaudich. | Voy. Uranie: 479 (1830) |
| Calyptranthe (Maxim.) Nakai | Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 31: 52 (1952) |
| Cardiandra Siebold & Zucc. | Fl. Jap. (Lugduni) 1: 119 (1839) |
| Cianitis Reinw. | Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 68 (1826) |
| Cornidia Ruiz & Pav. | Fl. Peruv. Prodr.: 63 (1794) |
| Decumaria L. | Sp. Pl., ed. 2. App.: 1663 (1763) |
| Deinanthe Maxim. | Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7. 10(16): 2 (1867) |
| Dichroa Lour. | Fl. Cochinch.: 301 (1790) |
| Forsythia Walter | Fl. Carol.: 154 (1788) |
| Heteromalla (Rehder) H.Ohba & S.Akiyama | J. Jap. Bot. 91: 349 (2016) |
| Hortensia Comm. | A.L.de Jussieu, Gen. Pl.: 214 (1789) |
| Hydrangia L. | Gen. Pl., ed. 6.: 222 (1764) |
| Macnemaraea P.Willemet | Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 18: 34 (1796) |
| Pileostegia Hook.f. & Thomson | J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 57 (1857) |
| Platycrater Siebold & Zucc. | Fl. Jap. (Lugduni) 1: 62 (1837) |
| Sarcostyles C.Presl ex DC. | Prodr. 4: 15 (1830) |
| Schizophragma Siebold & Zucc. | Fl. Jap. (Lugduni) 1: 58 (1837) |

## 分布

WCVP 记录本属原生于 76 个 TDWG 植物地理区划，另有 28 个区划为引入或归化。

原生区划（76）

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### 引入或归化

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## 接受种名录

WCVP 接受 103 个种，名称中带 × 的是天然杂交种。数目随分类修订变化，核对日期 2026-10-20。

| 学名 | 本站资料 |
| --- | --- |
| Hydrangea acuminata Siebold & Zucc. |   |
| Hydrangea × agricola (J.M.H.Shaw) J.M.H.Shaw |   |
| Hydrangea albostellata Samain, Najarro & E.Martínez |   |
| Hydrangea alternifolia Siebold |   |
| Hydrangea × amagiana Makino |   |
| Hydrangea amamiohsimensis (Koidz.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea ampla (Chun) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea angustipetala Hayata |   |
| Hydrangea anomala D.Don |   |
| Hydrangea arborescens L. |   |
| Hydrangea arguta (Gaudich.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea aspera Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don |   |
| Hydrangea asterolasia Diels |   |
| Hydrangea barbara (L.) Bernd Schulz |   |
| Hydrangea bifida (Maxim.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea breedlovei Samain, Najarro & E.Martínez |   |
| Hydrangea bretschneideri Dippel |   |
| Hydrangea caerulea (Stapf) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea carroniae Samain & E.Martínez |   |
| Hydrangea chungii Rehder |   |
| Hydrangea cinerea Small |   |
| Hydrangea coenobialis Chun |   |
| Hydrangea corylifolia (Chun) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea crassa (Hand.-Mazz.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea daimingshanensis (Y.C.Wu) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea davidii Franch. |   |
| Hydrangea densifolia (C.F.Wei) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea diplostemona (Donn.Sm.) Standl. |   |
| Hydrangea fauriei (Hayata) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea febrifuga (Lour.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea fistulosa (G.H.Huang & G.Hao) U.B.Deshmukh & M.B.Shende |   |
| Hydrangea glaucescens (Rehder) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea gracilis W.T.Wang & M.X.Nie |   |
| Hydrangea heteromalla D.Don |   |
| Hydrangea hirsuta (Gagnep.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea hirta (Thunb.) Siebold |   |
| Hydrangea hwangii J.M.H.Shaw |   |
| Hydrangea hydrangeoides (Siebold & Zucc.) Bernd Schulz |   |
| Hydrangea hypoglauca Rehder |   |
| Hydrangea integrifolia Hayata |   |
| Hydrangea involucrata Siebold |   |
| Hydrangea jelskii Szyszył. |   |
| Hydrangea kawagoeana Koidz. |   |
| Hydrangea kwangsiensis Hu |   |
| Hydrangea kwangtungensis Merr. |   |
| Hydrangea lalashanensis S.S.Ying |   |
| Hydrangea lingii G.Hoo |   |
| Hydrangea linkweiensis Chun |   |
| Hydrangea liukiuensis Nakai |   |
| Hydrangea lobbii Maxim. |   |
| Hydrangea longifolia Hayata |   |
| Hydrangea longipes Franch. |   |
| Hydrangea luteovenosa Koidz. |   |
| Hydrangea macrocarpa Hand.-Mazz. |   |
| [Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.](https://floreboard.com/zh/plants/hydrangea-macrophylla/) | 资料页 · 4 张图版 |
| Hydrangea mangshanensis C.F.Wei |   |
| Hydrangea marunoi Tagane & S.Fujii |   |
| Hydrangea mathewsii Briq. |   |
| Hydrangea megalocarpa (Chun) J.M.H.Shaw |   |
| Hydrangea minamitanii (H.Ohba) Yahara |   |
| Hydrangea × mizushimarum H.Ohba |   |
| Hydrangea moellendorffii Hance |   |
| Hydrangea mollissima (Merr.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea nahaensis Samain & E.Martínez |   |
| Hydrangea nebulicola Nevling & Gómez Pompa |   |
| Hydrangea obtusifolia (Hu) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea ofeliae Sodusta & Lumawag |   |
| Hydrangea otontepecensis Samain & E.Martínez |   |
| Hydrangea paniculata Siebold | 1 张图版 |
| Hydrangea peruviana Moric. ex Ser. |   |
| Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc. |   |
| Hydrangea pingtungensis S.S.Ying |   |
| Hydrangea platyarguta Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea pottingeri Prain |   |
| Hydrangea preslii Briq. |   |
| Hydrangea quercifolia W.Bartram |   |
| Hydrangea radiata Walter |   |
| Hydrangea robusta Hook.f. & Thomson |   |
| Hydrangea sargentiana Rehder |   |
| Hydrangea scandens (L.f.) Ser. |   |
| Hydrangea schizomollis Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea seemannii L.Riley |   |
| Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. | 1 张图版 |
| Hydrangea serratifolia (Hook. & Arn.) F.Phil. |   |
| Hydrangea sikokiana Maxim. |   |
| Hydrangea sousae Samain, Najarro & E.Martínez |   |
| Hydrangea steyermarkii Standl. |   |
| Hydrangea strigosa Rehder |   |
| Hydrangea stylosa Hook.f. & Thomson |   |
| Hydrangea taiwaniana Y.C.Liu & F.Y.Lu |   |
| Hydrangea tapalapensis Samain, Najarro & E.Martínez |   |
| Hydrangea tarapotensis Briq. |   |
| Hydrangea tomentella (Hand.-Mazz.) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea × versicolor (Fortune) J.M.H.Shaw |   |
| Hydrangea viburnoides (Hook.f. & Thomson) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea wallichii J.M.H.Shaw |   |
| Hydrangea xanthoneura Diels |   |
| Hydrangea xinfeniae W.B.Ju & J.Ru |   |
| Hydrangea yaoshanensis (Y.C.Wu) Y.De Smet & C.Granados |   |
| Hydrangea yayeyamensis Koidz. |   |
| Hydrangea × ytiensis (J.M.H.Shaw) J.M.H.Shaw |   |
| Hydrangea yunnanensis Rehder |   |
| Hydrangea zhewanensis P.S.Hsu & X.P.Zhang |   |

## 历史图谱

图版按年代排列；图上印的名字保留原样，现行名称见各种的资料页或专题页。

- [](https://floreboard.com/hydrangea/#plate-bm-438)Hydrangea Hortensis（正文）Curtis's Botanical Magazine · 438 · 1799, Sydenham Edwards
- [](https://floreboard.com/hydrangea/#plate-fragmenta-3)Hortensia opuloidesFragmenta Botanica, figuris coloratis illustrata · T. 3 · 1800–1809,
- [](https://floreboard.com/hydrangea/#plate-flora-japonica-51)Hydrangea AzisaiFlora Japonica · Tab. 51 · 1835–1870, Popp, Jos. Unger
- [](https://floreboard.com/hydrangea/#plate-flora-japonica-61)Hydrangea paniculataFlora Japonica · Tab. 61 · 1840,
- [](https://floreboard.com/hydrangea/#plate-fds-16-rosalba)Hydrangea japonica RosalbaFlore des serres et des jardins de l'Europe · 526（图上所印） · 1865–1867,
- [](https://floreboard.com/hydrangea/#plate-favourite-flowers-90)Hydrangea HortensiaFavourite Flowers of Garden and Greenhouse · Pl. 90 · 1897,

## 园艺类型与花色

大叶绣球的品种多数可以分成绣球型（mophead）和镶边型（lacecap）。可利用的铝充足时花偏蓝，通常是在酸性土壤里；密西西比州立大学推广给出的参考是土壤 pH 5–5.5 开蓝花、6–6.5 开粉花，白色品种不会因此变色。

## 延伸阅读

- [Hydrangea macrophylla · 大叶绣球](https://floreboard.com/zh/plants/hydrangea-macrophylla/)
- [绣球知识库：养护、处理与花艺应用](https://floreboard.com/hydrangea/)
- [花材图鉴](https://floreboard.com/zh/flowers/hydrangea/)
- [专业资料总览](https://floreboard.com/zh/library/)

## 参考资料

- [WCVP · 世界维管植物名录（经 ChecklistBank 数据集 2232 读取）](https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/2232) · 读取于 2026-10-20
- [Trees and Shrubs Online · Hydrangea macrophylla（Sutton 2025）](https://www.treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/hydrangea/hydrangea-macrophylla/)
- [密西西比州立大学推广 · How to Change the Color of Hydrangeas](https://extension.msstate.edu/blogs/extension-for-real-life/how-change-the-color-hydrangeas)

名称、发表出处、异名与分布按 WCVP 核对（2026-10-20）；说明文字依据所列出处，尚待专家复核。